1 Concept scheme: Earth and Environmental Science extension - Mineral group vocabulary

Vocabulary last modified: 2022-08-27

subtitle: Vocabulary to extend the mineral material type category with the top level mineral group categories. Uses the Nickel–Strunz mineral classes, which divide minerals into ten classes according to chemical composition and crystal structure. Nickel-Strunz group 10 is not included because that material would be mat:organiccompounds. Version 10 of the classification is modified from v 9 (Strunz and Nickel,2002) by Jim Ferraiolo and others, and now extended and maintained by mindat.org. Some scope notes from linked.data.gov.au.

Namespace: https://w3id.org/isample/earthenv/mingroup/1.0/mineralgroupvocabulary

History

Concepts

1.1 mineral

  • Material consists of a single mineral or mineraloid phase. . ‘A mineral is an element or chemical compound that is normally crystalline and that has been formed as a result of geological processes.’ (Nickel, Ernest H. (1995), The definition of a mineral, The Canadian Mineralogist. 33 (3): 689–90). Include mineraloids. … A material primarily composed of some substance that is naturally occurring, solid and stable at room temperature, representable by a chemical formula, usually abiogenic, and that has an ordered atomic structure. (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000256). Comment: the identity of a mineral species is defined by a crystal structure and a chemical composition that might include various specific elemental substitutions in that structure. Mineraloid: A naturally occurring mineral-like substance that does not demonstrate crystallinity. Mineraloids possess chemical compositions that vary beyond the generally accepted ranges for specific minerals. Examples: obsidian, Opal. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraloid)
  • Concept URI token: mineral

1.1.1 Mineral-Borate

  • Child of: mineral

  • Minerals which contain a borate anion group.

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 06

  • Concept URI token: boratemineral

1.1.2 Mineral-Carbonate or Nitrate

  • Child of: mineral

  • Carbonate minerals are those minerals containing the carbonate ion

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 05

  • Concept URI token: carbonatenitratemineral

1.1.3 Mineral-Halide

  • Child of: mineral

  • Minerals with a dominant halide anion.

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 03

  • Concept URI token: halidemineral

1.1.4 Mineral-Native Element

  • Child of: mineral

  • Elements that occur in nature in uncombined form with a distinct mineral structure. Includes metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 01

  • Concept URI token: nativeelementmineral

1.1.5 Mineral-Organic Compound

  • Child of: mineral

  • Salts of organic acids, hydrocarbons, and miscellaneous organic minerals formed as a result of geological processes. Includes hydrocarbons, formates, acetates, oxalates, benzine salts, cyanates. Chemical compounds in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements, most commonly hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen (https://www.britannica.com/science/organic-compound).

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 10, Organic mineral,

  • Concept URI token: organicmineral

1.1.6 Mineral-Oxide

  • Child of: mineral

  • Includes class oxides, hydroxides, and arsenties. Oxides are minerals in which the oxide anion is bonded to one or more metal alloys. The hydroxide-bearing minerals are typically included in the oxide class. Arsenite minerals are very rare oxygen-bearing arsenic minerals.

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 04

  • Concept URI token: oxidemineral

1.1.7 Mineral-Phosphate, Arsenate, or Vanadate

  • Child of: mineral

  • Phosphate minerals contain the phosphate anion along sometimes with arsenate and vanadate substitutions, and chloride, fluoride, and hydroxide anions that also fit into the crystal structure. Arsenate minerals usually refer to the naturally occurring orthoarsenates.

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 08

  • Concept URI token: phosphatearsenatevanadatemineral

1.1.8 Mineral-Silicate or Germanate

  • Child of: mineral

  • Rock-forming minerals made up of silicate groups

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 09

  • Concept URI token: silicategermanatemineral

1.1.9 Mineral-Sulfate, Selenate, or Tellurate

  • Child of: mineral

  • class of minerals that include the sulfate ion within their structure.

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 07

  • Concept URI token: sulfateselenatetelluratemineral

1.1.10 Mineral-Sulfide or Sulfosalt

  • Child of: mineral

  • Sulfide minerals are a class of minerals containing sulfide or disulfide as the major anion. Sulfosalt minerals are those complex sulfide minerals with the general formula: AmBnSp; where A represents a metal such as copper, lead, silver, iron, and rarely mercury, zinc, vanadium; B usually represents semi-metal such as arsenic, antimony, bismuth, and rarely germanium, or metals like tin and rarely vanadium; and S is sulfur or rarely selenium or/and tellurium (m, n, and p are integer formula subscripts). Includes sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites

  • Alternate labels: Nickel-Strunz class 02

  • Concept URI token: sulfidesulfosaltmineral